Mapping MySQL Data Types in Java

Data types of MySQL and Java programming language are not same, its need some mechanism for transferring data between an database using MySQL data types and a application using Java data types.

Mapping MySQL Data Types in Java

Mapping MySQL Data Types in Java

                         

Data types of MySQL and Java programming language are not same, its need some mechanism for transferring data between an database using MySQL data types and a application using Java data types. We need to provide Java mappings for the common MySQL data types. We have to confirm that we have proper type information then only we can correctly store and retrieve parameters and recover results from MySQL statements.

There is no particular reason that the Java data type needs to be exactly isomorphic to the MySQL data type. For example, Java String don't precisely match any of the MySQL data CHAR type, but it gives enough type information to represent CHAR, VARCHAR or LONGVARCHAR successfully.

The following table represent the default Java mapping for various common MySQL data types:

MySQL Type

Java Type
CHAR String
VARCHAR String
LONGVARCHAR String
NUMERIC java.math.BigDecimal
DECIMAL java.math.BigDecimal
BIT boolean
TINYINT byte
SMALLINT short
INTEGER int
BIGINT long
REAL float
FLOAT double
DOUBLE double
BINARY byte []
VARBINARY byte []
LONGVARBINARY byte []
DATE java.sql.Date
TIME java.sql.Time
TIMESTAMP java.sql.Tiimestamp

Here is the video description:

  1. CHAR, VARCHAR and LONGVARCHAR
    MySQL data types CHAR, VARCHAR, LONGVARCHAR are closely related. CHAR represents a small, fixed-length character string, VARCHAR represents a small, variable-length character string, and LONGVARCHAR represents a large, variable-length character string. There is no need for Java programmer to distinguish these three MySQL data types. These can be expressed identically in Java. These data types could be mapped in Java to either String or char[]. But String seemed more appropriate type for normal use. Java String class provide a method to convert a String into char[] and a constructor for converting a char[] into a String.
          
    The method ResultSet.getString allocates and returns a new String. It is suitable for retrieving data from CHAR, VARCHAR and LONGVARCHAR fields. This is suitable for retrieving normal data, but LONGVARCHAR MySQL type can be used to store multi-megabyte strings. So that Java programmers needs a way to retrieve the LONGVARCHAR value in chunks. To handle this situation, ResultSet interface have two methods for allowing programmers to retrieve a LONGVARCHAR value as a Java input stream from which they can subsequently read data in whatever size chunks they prefer. These methods are getAsciiStream and getCharacterStream, which deliver the data stored in a LONGVARCHAR column as a stream of ASCII or Unicode characters.


    Mapping MySQL Data Types in Java       
  2. NUMERIC and DECIMAL
     The NUMERIC and DECIMAL MySQL data types are very similar. They both represent fixed point numbers where absolute precision is required. The most convenient Java mapping for these MySQL data type is java.math.BigDecimal. This Java type provides math operations to allow BigDecimal types to be added, subtracted, multiplied, and divided with other BigDecimal types, with integer types, and with floating point types.
             
    We also allow access to these MySQL types as simple Strings and char []. Thus, the Java programmers can use the getString() to retrieve the NUMERICAL and DECIMAL results.
               
  3. BINARY, VARBINARY and LONGVARBINARY      
    These MySQL data types are closely related. BINARY represents a small, fixed-length binary value, VARBINARY represents a small, variable-length binary value and LONGVARBINARY represents a large, variable-length binary value. For Java programers there is no need to distinguish among these data types and they can all be expressed identically as byte arrays in Java. It is possible to read and write SQL statements correctly without knowing the exact BINARY data type. The ResultSet.getBytes method is used for retrieving the DECIMAL and NUMERICAL values. Same as LONGVARCHAR type, LONGVARBINARY type can also be used to return multi-megabyte data values then the method getBinaryStream is recommended.
         
  4. BIT
    The MySQL type BIT represents a single bit value that can be 'zero' or 'one'. And this MySQL type can be mapped directly to the Java boolean type.
        
  5. TINYINT, SMALLINT, INTEGER and BIGINT
    The MySQL TINYINT type represents an 8-bit integer value between 0 and 255 that may be signed or unsigned. SMALLINT type represents a 16-bit signed integer value between -32768 and 32767. INTEGER type represents a 32-bit signed integer value between -2147483648 and 2147483647. BIGINT type represents an 64-bit signed integer value between -9223372036854775808 and 9223372036854775807. These MySQL TINYINT, SMALLINT, INTEGER, and BIGINT types can be mapped to Java's byte, short, int and long data types respectively.
      
  6. REAL, FLOAT and DOUBLE
    The MySQL REAL represents a "single precision" floating point number that supports seven digits of mantissa and the FLOAT and DOUBLE type represents a "double precision" floating point number that supports 15 digits of mantissa. The recommended Java mapping for REAL type to Java float and FLOAT, DOUBLE type to Java double.
         
  7. DATE, TIME and TIMESTAMP
    These three MySQL types are related to time. The DATE type represents a date consisting of day, month, and year, the TIME type represents a time consisting of hours, minutes, and seconds and the TIMESTAMP type represents DATE plus TIME plus a nanosecond field. The standard Java class java.util.Date that provides date and time information but does not match any of these three MySQL date/time types exactly, because it has DATE and TIME information but no nanoseconds.


    That's why we define three subclasses of java.util.Date. These are:
           

    • java.sql.Date for SQL DATE information.
    • java.sql.Timefor SQL TIME information.
    • java.sql.Timestamp for SQL TIMESTAMP information.

                         

Tutorials

  1. Mapping MySQL Data Types in Java
  2. Connecting to a MySQL Database in Java
  3. Creating a Database in MySQL
  4. Creating a Database Table
  5. Creating a MySQL Database Table to store Java Types
  6. Description of Database Table
  7. Deleting a Table from Database
  8. Retrieving Tables from a Database
  9. Inserting values in MySQL database table
  10. Retrieving All Rows from a Database Table
  11. Adding a New Column Name in Database Table
  12. Change Column Name of a Table
  13. Make Unique Column in Database Table
  14. Remove Unique Column in Database Table
  15. Arrange a Column of Database Table
  16. Arrange a Column of Database Table
  17. Sum of Column in a Database Table
  18. Deleting All Rows from a Database Table
  19. Delete a Specific Row from a Database Table
  20. Delete a Column from a Database Table
  21. Join tables in the specific database
  22. Join tables with the NATURAL LEFT JOIN operation
  23. Join tables with the NATURAL RIGHT JOIN operation
  24. Cross Join Tables in a Specific Database
  25. Prepared Statement Set Object
  26. Statement Batch Update
  27. Prepared Statement With Batch Update
  28. Select Records Using Prepared Statement
  29. Update Records using Prepared Statement
  30. Inserting Records using the Prepared Statement
  31. Count Records using the Prepared Statement
  32. Deleting Records using the Prepared Statement
  33. Using the Prepared Statement Twice
  34. Set Data Types by using Prepared Statement
  35. Set byte, short and long data types by using the Prepared Statement
  36. Prepared Statement Set Big Decimal
  37. Set Date by using the Prepared Statement
  38. Set Time by using the Prepared Statement
  39. Set Timestamp by using the Prepared Statement
  40. Copy Table in a MySQL Database